100 Questions on Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Optional for UPSC Civil Services

Introduction

Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science is a highly specialized optional subject in the UPSC Civil Services Examination. It covers diverse aspects of livestock production, breeding, nutrition, health, diseases, and their role in the rural economy. This compilation presents 100 practice questions divided into subject-based chapters as per the UPSC syllabus. These questions will help aspirants strengthen their conceptual clarity and answer-writing skills.

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Chapter 1: Animal Nutrition

1. Discuss the importance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in animal nutrition
2. Explain the process of digestion in ruminants and non-ruminants
3. What are bypass proteins and their significance in dairy cattle nutrition
4. Discuss the role of vitamins and minerals in livestock health
5. Explain the formulation of a balanced ration for dairy cattle
6. Write notes on silage making and its importance
7. What are anti-nutritional factors in animal feed
8. Explain the concept of feed conversion efficiency
9. Discuss the nutritive value of oilseed cakes
10. Role of urea in ruminant nutrition

Chapter 2: Animal Genetics and Breeding

11. Explain the Mendelian principles of inheritance in livestock
12. Discuss the importance of crossbreeding in cattle improvement
13. What is inbreeding depression and how can it be avoided
14. Explain the concept of heritability in animal breeding
15. Discuss the role of artificial insemination in cattle breeding
16. What are marker-assisted selection techniques in livestock
17. Write notes on grading-up in animal breeding
18. Discuss the role of National Dairy Development Board in cattle breeding
19. Explain progeny testing and its importance
20. Role of biotechnology in animal breeding

3: Livestock Production and Management

21. Discuss the housing requirements of dairy cattle
22. Explain the management of calves from birth to weaning
23. Write notes on clean milk production practices
24. Explain the management of pregnant and lactating animals
25. Discuss the role of cooperative societies in dairy development
26. Explain the principles of poultry housing
27. Discuss the management of layers and broilers
28. Explain the causes and prevention of cannibalism in poultry
29. Write notes on sheep and goat rearing in India
30. Explain the importance of swine production in the Indian economy

Chapter 4: Livestock Products and Technology

31. Discuss the composition of milk and its nutritional value
32. Explain the process of pasteurization of milk
33. Write notes on milk adulteration and its detection
34. Discuss the preparation of ghee and khoa
35. Explain the processing of wool and its grading
36. Write notes on by-products of slaughterhouses
37. Discuss the methods of meat preservation
38. Explain the role of cold chain management in livestock products
39. Discuss the importance of egg preservation and processing
40. Explain HACCP in livestock product processing

Chapter 5: Veterinary Physiology

41. Discuss the physiology of blood circulation in animals
42. Explain the mechanism of respiration in mammals
43. Discuss the hormonal regulation of lactation
44. Write notes on thermoregulation in animals
45. Explain the role of endocrine glands in livestock physiology
46. Discuss the physiology of reproduction in cattle
47. Explain the process of digestion in poultry
48. Write notes on electrolyte balance in animals
49. Discuss the physiology of muscle contraction
50. Explain the physiology of vision and hearing in animals

6: Veterinary Pathology

51. Define pathology and explain its importance in veterinary science
52. Discuss the process of inflammation in animals
53. Write notes on degenerative changes in tissues
54. Explain the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in cattle
55. Discuss the role of biopsy in disease diagnosis
56. Write notes on necrosis and apoptosis
57. Explain the pathology of mastitis in dairy cattle
58. Discuss zoonotic diseases with examples
59. Write notes on metabolic diseases in livestock
60. Explain the histopathology of liver diseases in animals

Chapter 7: Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology

61. Discuss the structure and classification of bacteria
62. Explain the role of viruses in animal diseases
63. Write notes on fungi causing diseases in livestock
64. Discuss the principles of vaccination in animals
65. Explain the innate and adaptive immunity in animals
66. Write notes on foot and mouth disease virus
67. Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of bacterial diseases
68. Explain the role of probiotics in animal health
69. Write notes on antimicrobial resistance in livestock
70. Explain the principles of serological tests

Chapter 8: Veterinary Parasitology

71. Discuss the classification of parasites in livestock
72. Write notes on life cycle of Fasciola hepatica
73. Explain the control of ticks in cattle
74. Discuss the role of ectoparasites in livestock diseases
75. Explain the economic importance of parasitic diseases
76. Write notes on coccidiosis in poultry
77. Discuss the epidemiology of helminth infections
78. Explain integrated parasite management strategies
79. Write notes on zoonotic parasitic infections
80. Discuss the impact of climate change on parasitic diseases

9: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology

81. Discuss the classification of veterinary drugs
82. Explain the mechanism of action of antibiotics
83. Write notes on anthelmintic drugs used in livestock
84. Explain the pharmacology of anesthetics in animals
85. Discuss the concept of drug resistance in veterinary practice
86. Explain the role of growth promoters in livestock
87. Write notes on pesticide toxicity in animals
88. Discuss the treatment of heavy metal poisoning in livestock
89. Explain the withdrawal period of veterinary drugs
90. Write notes on the importance of pharmacovigilance in animals

Chapter 10: Veterinary Public Health and Extension

91. Discuss the concept of One Health and its importance
92. Explain the role of veterinarians in controlling zoonotic diseases
93. Write notes on food safety and public health concerns
94. Discuss the importance of epidemiological surveillance in animals
95. Explain the role of livestock in rural livelihood security
96. Write notes on government schemes for livestock development
97. Discuss the role of extension services in animal husbandry
98. Explain the importance of biosecurity measures in farms
99. Write notes on antimicrobial stewardship in veterinary practice
100. Discuss the contribution of livestock sector to Indian economy

Conclusion

Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science optional offers a rich blend of scientific, practical, and socio-economic dimensions, making it an interesting subject for aspirants. The above set of 100 questions, organized chapter-wise, ensures comprehensive coverage of the UPSC syllabus. Regular practice of these questions will help aspirants master the subject and improve their performance in the Civil Services Examination.

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